Conditional Sentences, especial cases

Conditionals
We  always study and revise Conditional sentences, Type Zero, Type I or possible condition, Type II or hypothetical condition and Type III or impossible condition and the tenses used in all these types.
But there are many words and expressions that can be used with a meaning similar to IF , (and with similar verb forms).
Some of the commonest are Provided, Providing, Supposing, As long as, So long as, On condition that, Unless.
So,  in order to see the differences in meaning and use, study the following:



All these expressions mean: IF or ON CONDITION THAT	AS LONG AS  or SO LONG AS You can use my car as long as / so long as  you drive carefully.	(= you can use my car but you must drive carefully- ( this is the condition)
	PROVIDED (that)) or PROVIDING (that) Travelling by car is convenient provided (that) / providing (that) you have somewhere to park. Providing that / Provided that she stuies hard, she´ll pass her exams.	(= but only if you have somewhere to park) (= she must study hard_ if she does this, she will pass)
It means: EXCEPT  IF IF……NOT	UNLESS  We will be late unless we hurry	(= except if  we hurry or If we don´t hurry)



Now revise Conditional Clauses and make some conditional practice.

    

Conditionals

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Conditional revision and extension:

Conditional Revision Extension Key

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Task:
 Rewrite these sentences, the meaning should be the same as that in the sentence above. Use conditionals (other words than IF)

1. If I were your teacher, I´d make sure that everyone did the homework.

    Were _______________________________________________________

2. If I had understood the problema, I´ d had done something about it.

    Had _______________________________________________________

3. I won´t come if they don´t invite me.

    Unless______________________________________________________

4. What would you do if he left you?.

    Supposing ___________________________________________________

5. If you join the tennis club, I will too.                             (provided that)

    I´ll ______________________________________________ 

6. We´re going to install a smoke alarm. There may be a fire.  ( in case)

    We __________________________________________________________

7. She won´t get that job if she doesn´t learn to speak French.  (Unless)

    She _________________________________________________________

8. If the policeman hadn´t been there, what would have happened?

    Imagine______________________________________________________

9. I won´t go out this evening. John might ring.                            (in case)

    I ____________________________________________________________

10. I´ll come at eight if that´s all right with you.                           (as long as )

     I´ll __________________________________________________________

11. We won´t goa head with out you agreement.

     Unless_______________________________________________________

12. We´ll start the meeting now, unless you object.

     Provided _____________________________________________________

13. We´ll put up the Price if you don´t pay now.

      Unless_____________________________________________________

14. We won´t accept the decisions unless everyone votes.

      As long as ___________________________________________________

15. If you send us a letter, then we´ll accept your order.

      Unless_______________________________________________________

16. The work will take a month, as long as there are no delays.

      Provided _____________________________________________________

17. You can´t take the car now without paying .

      As long as ___________________________________________________

La PEPA. The Spanish Constitution of 1812´s bicentenary

The Spanish Constitution was promulgated 19 March 1812 by the Cádiz Cortes, the national legislative assembly of Spain.

This Constitution, one of the most liberal of its time, was effectively Spain´s first, given that the Bayonne Statute issued in 1808 under Joseph Bonaparte, never went into effect.

The 1812 Constitution established the principles of universal male suffrage, national soverignity, constitutional monarchy and freedom of the press, and supported land reform and free enterprise.

The Spaniards nicknamed the Constitution, La Pepa, because it was adopted on Saint Joseph´s Day.

The Constitution of 1812 is regarded as the founding document of liberalism in Spain and one of the first examples of classical liberalism or conservative liberalism worldwide.

As the principal  aim of the new Constitution was the prevention of arbitrary and corrupt royal rule, it provided for a limited monarchy which  governed through ministers subject to parliamentary control.

Six weeks after Ferndinand VII´s return to Spain on 24 March 1814, he abolished the Constitution, but it was reinstated since 1820 to 1823, and again briefly in 1836 and 1837.From 1812 to 1814, the Constitution was never really fully in effect, due to the fact that much of Spain was ruled by the French.

Source: Wikipedia

Task:

By the way, why don´t we revise some vocabulary from the text?

legislative assembly / male suffrage / soverignity /constitutional monarchy /freedom of the press /land reform /free enterprise /founding document /liberalism /ministers /

parliamentary control

Verbs: to promulgate, to rule, to reinstate,to abolish.

Expressions followed by Infintive or Gerund

One of the difficulties of the English language is that some verbs and expressions are followed by the gerund(-ing form) and others are followed by the infinitive with or without to.
Let´s focus on some of these usual expressions, among them:

Prefer would rather

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Here you can practise I´d rather doing somet exercises

Would rather exercises

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If you want to check your work, here´s the key:

Would rather exercises key

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